Hand weaving frame



Aug. 11, 1942. A. P. D. BELANGER' 2,292,356

HAND WEAVINGFR'AME Filed Nov. 6, 193s a sums-sham 1 ATTORNEYS.

BYZM

11, 1942- A.'P. o. BELANGERQY 2,292,356

HAND WEAYING FRAME Filed NW. 6', 1939 l. MIIHE INVENTORK MWWNQ,

ATTORNEYS.

cm BYZ 85 A. P. D. BELANGER 2,292,356

HAND WEAVING FRAME 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 C, mw w Wmflw & A 5W, v

Filed Nov. 6, 1939 Patented Aug. 11, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE2,292,356 m WEAVING FRAME Albert P. D. Belanger, Chicago, Ill.

Application November 6,1939, Serial No. 303,110 (01. 139-34) 8 Claims.

This invention relates to hand weaving frames and it has for its objectthe provision of a new and improved form of frame bars by the use ofwhich frames of any desired size and of a great variety ofshapes can bevery quickly and easily prepared, with teeth equally spaced andoppositely positioned on the bars at opposite sides of the frames.

The principal object of the invention is accomplished by the use of abar formed of sheet metal bent into the form of an angle, with teethformed in one side of the bar in equally spaced relation therealong, theother side of the angle being provided with a long slot adapted to beadjustably connected with a cooperating similar bar by means of aconnecting bolt passing through an' opening in the end portion of saidother bar. In the preferred construction the connecting bolts havesquared shank portions immediately adjacent to their heads, and theopenings in the end portions of the bars are squared and of a size toreceive the squared shank portions of the bolts snugly, .the endportions of the bars having the square openings being preferably offsetin the direction away from the teeth by an amount corresponding with thethickness ofthe sheet metal so that the teeth of four such barsconnected together in quadrilaterahform shall all terminate in the sametransverse plane. Each of the teeth is also preferably of a widthcorresponding to the width of the spaces between the teeth.

The invention comprises also the provision of reinforcing and bracingmembersof various types adapted to be secured in position by the samebolts which connect the bars together or by similar bolts for holdingthe parts in their squared rectangular position with respect to eachother. These reinforcing members are preferably in the form of straightpieces, angle plates and T plates, by reason of which an appropriateform of bracing part can be employed at one point or another withouttrouble with almost any combination of frame bars whereby the bars arebraced in the desired operative position with respect to each other.

The invention contemplates also the formation of both right hand andleft hand bars so as to enable an operator to make up almost any pos-'sible combination of shapes for weaving corre- It will be understoodThe invention includes also the use of larger bars of wood or the likeeitherrin connection with the toothed portions only of the metal bars orin connection with the complete metal bars, a considerable number of thesmall metal bars being secured by screws or in any other suitable mannerupon the larger bars in the same relationship to .the cooperating metalbars as is in eflect when the metal bars are used alone,that is to say,with the teeth in equally spaced relation to each other at thepredetermined standard distance apart and with the teeth at one side ofa frame directly opposite to the teeth at the opposite side. i a

It is one of the objects of this invention to provide an improvedarrangement of parts for securing together the larger wooden bars inade-' sired relationship to each other so that the bars can be easily andquickly connected in cooperative relation and then again easily andquickly disconnected when a modified form of piece is to'be made. provedmeans for securing the metal bar members in position on the wooden barmembers so as to be held firmly in position and still be read-- ilyseparated from such wooden bars when desired.

While the invention is said to relate to weaving I frames, it will beunderstood that the invention is not limited to weaving, since theframes are capable of being used to advantage for knitting, or for anydesired combination of weaving and knitting, it being appreciated thatthe spacing of successive loops in the knitted product is normally thesame as the spacing of successive warp and woof plies of the wovenproduct.

The invention seeks also to make possible the use of small woven piecespreliminarily formed and set into a larger frame so as to form integralparts of the larger woven product, the margin loops of the smallerproduct being employed in lieu of teeth for supporting the loops of thelarger pieces. This is, of course, possible by the use of the frames andbars of this invention in view of the fact that the spacing of the.teeth is uniform throughoutthe several bars.

It is another object of this invention to improve frames and bars ofthis type in sundry details hereinafter set forth. The preferred meansby which the several objects are attained are illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a top face view of a frameembodying the preferred form of cooperating bars and connecting parts;

It is another object to provide imv slot 28.

Fig. 2 is a side face view on an enlarged scale showing the frame asseen from the right in Fig;

1 but with the intermediate portions of the bars broken away forclearness of illustration;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing' frame;

Fig. 7 is a top face view of a frame in the form of a. cross formed froma plurality of the standard bars as shown in Fig. 1 and a smaller numberof reverse bars of the same general form and arrangement;

Fig. 8 is a top face view of a wooden frame provided with toothed barsof the same formas the toothed portions of the bars of Fig. 1; I

Figs. 9 and 10 are cross sectional views taken substantially at the line9-9 and'the line l|0, respectively, of Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a small length of the form of sidebaras shown in Fig, 8;

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 11 but showing a modified form ofarrangement;

Fig. 13 is a diagrammatic view showing a frame of the general type asshown in Fig. 8 but with a plurality of prewoven pieces set in positionin the frame ready for the operation of joining the several pieces bycontinued weavi Fig. 14 is a view of a frame such as is shown in Fig. 6but with an auxiliary frame adjustably mounted thereon;

Fig. 15 is still another modified form of frame made by the use of thestandard bars of Fig. 1;

Fig. 16 is a top face view of two standard metal bars connected togetherand braced by the use of a, strengthening clip;

Fig. 17 is a top face view of the clip as shown in Fig. 16;

Fig. 18 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially at the lineI8l8 of. Fig. 17; and

Figs. 19 and 20 are face views of modified forms of strengthening clipmembers.

Referring now to Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, in which corresponding partsare indicated by the same reference characters, indicates a bar formedof sheet metal bent into the form of an angle so as to-provid a baseportion 26 and a flange portion 21 at right angles to the base portion26 as is best shown in Fig. 2. The base portion 26 is provided withalong narrow slot 28 therein extending substantially the full length ofthe bar. At one end of the bar the base portion is extended a shortdistance beyond the flange portion, as is best shown in Fig. 5 so as toprovide an end extension 29, such end portion 29 being provided with a,square opening 30 of a size corresponding to the width of the As is bestshown in Fig. 2, the end portion 29 is offset downwardly with respect tothe base portion 26 by an extent corresponding to the thickness of thesheet metal, so as to-provide a shoulder 3| in position to engage theside face ofthe attached bar at the side "thereof at which the flange 21is located. The flange portion 21 of the bar is cut out at its upperedge to provide" teeth 32 in spaced relation therealong, the toothclosest adjacent to the shoulder 3| being spaced from said shoulder by adistance corresponding substantially to the width of a tooth or to thedistance between adjacent teeth, as is clearly shownin Fig. 2. .Thearrangement of the shoulder 3| defining the end extension 29 and theposition of the opening 30 are such that when two bars 25 are connectedin alignment with each other the end of one bar engages the shoulder 3|of the other bar for holding the bars from angular movement with respectto each other.

In Fig. 1 I have shown a plurality of the bars 25 held together in theform of a rectangular frame by means of bolts 33, each of such boltspassing through the opening 30 of one of the bars and through the slot28 of the adjacent bar. As is best shownin Fig 4, each of the bolts 33is provided with a square shank portion 34 adjacent to its head, suchsquare shank portion being of the size to fit snugly in the squareopenings 39 and the slots 28 of the bars. Thumb nuts 35 are mounted onthe ends of the bolts for clamping the bars 25 rigidly in position withrespect to each other.

In Fig. 3 I have shown an arrangement similar to Fig. 1, except that'theparts have been adjusted for providing an oblong frame rather than thesquare frame as shown in Fig. 1. This result has been brought about byloosening the bolt 33 at the upper right hand corner and the bolt 33 atthe lower left hand corner of Fig. 1 so as to enable the parts to beslid into the changed position as shown in Fig. 3, this and otheradjustments being effected without removing the bolts from the openings.

In the use of the frame as shown' in Fig. 1 or Fig. 3, a length of yarnor the like is secured at one end to the frame preferably by beingtightened under one of the thumb nuts 35. The yarn is then threaded backand forth about the teeth 32 across the frame in one direction in thedesired arrangement thereon and with the desired number of plies acrossthe frame, whereupon the yarn is threaded about the teeth in the crossdirection in accordance with whatever plan or design-is desired. For thethreading of the yarn in the cross direction, it is prefably inserted inalong needle and is woven above and below the first mentioned plies soas to bring them into interlocking arrangement with respect to eachother. It will be understood that by variations in the arrangement ofthe plies in the original direction across the frame and by variationsin the directions and positions in which stood that frames of anydesired size may be the cross plies are run and by variations in theunder and over arrangement of the cross plies .the design and appearanceof the finished productcan be varied greatly.

In Fig. 6 an arrangement is shown similar to that illustrated in Fig. 1except that each side of the frame is composed of two bars 25 ratherthan of a single bar, the two bars of each side of the frame beingconnected together by a bolt 23 passed through the end portion of theslot 22 of one bar .and through the square opening 29 of the adjacentaligned bar. It will be underformed in this same manner, the bars andtheir connections being of such strength as to enable quite large framesof this type to be used to advantage.

In Fig. 7 a still greater number of bars are employed for forming aframework in the shape of a cross, this being accomplished in thearrangement shown by the use of eight bars 25 bars 25 except that theyend extension of the bar 36 is at the opposite end of the bar as com-'pared with the location of the endextension on the bar 25. That is tosay, .if'the .bars 25 are considered as right hand bars, then the bars35 are in effect left hand bars, the onelbeingthe reverse of the otherin the'particular specified.

It will be appreciated that by the use of the required number of righthand and left hand bars, almost any desired form of weaving frame couldvery conveniently be produced.

Referring now to Figs. 8, 9, and 11, a modified construction is showncomprising a plurality of larger bars 31 formed of wood or the like. Asis best shown in Fig. 9, each of the bars 31 is provided with a groove38in its top face into which a sheet metal bar 39 is inserted so as tobe\ held in position by friction. The sheet metal bars 39 are ofsubstantially the same formation as the flange portions 21 of the'bars'25, being provided with teeth 32 in evenly spaced relation therealong,as is best shown in Fig..11. As is clearly shown in Figs. 9 and 11, thebars 31 are beveled. inwardly and downwardly at! so that a rib, formedon the end of the adjacent bar 31 fits snugly against the beveled faceof the bar,

the bottom face of the rib 4| being obliquely disposed for effectingthis result (see Fig. 10). The bars 31 are adjustably and detachably'connected together by means of clamps 42, each of which is provided witha pin 43 adapted to engage an opening 44 in the end of the one bar andwith an adjustable set screw 45 in position to engage the outer face ofthe other bar, one of the clamps being provided at each corner of theframe, as is clearly shown in Fig. 8.

By the use of the arrangement as shown in Figs. 8 to 11, a frame of anydesired size can be employed, with the bars 31 serving as the supportingmeans for the toothed bars 39, a plurality of toothed bars 39 beingemployed preferably in connection with each of the bars 31. Thearrangement is such that the bars can be shifted longitudinally withrespect to each'other sotas I to form any desired sizeof framework up tothe limit of the length of the bars. Inasmuch as the. metal bars 39 areof the same form as the bars 25 first described, it will be understoodthat such bars 39 can be employed to advantage in cooperationwith bars25 if desired. By reason of the provision of the beveled faces 40,theoperator is enabled to insert the weaving needle to advantage aboveor below the plies of yarn located closely adjacent to the bars 31without being hampered in his work by the presence of the larger bars. 5

In Fig. 12 I have shown a modified form of bar for use in forming areinforced frame such as is shown in Fig. 8. In the arrangement of Fig.12 a bar 46 of wood is employed, beveled-at 41 corresponding to thebevel 40 of the arrangement first described, and having a sheet metalbar 25 secured in position in any suitable maninserted upon the teeth ofthe larger framework in lieu of the teeth of the smaller frame in whichthe squares were produced. In the use'ofthe arrangement as shown in Fig.13, the. plies of yarn for a weaving operation are to be threaded partlybetween the oppositely disposed teeth of the frame and partly betweenthe correspondingly spaced loops of the pieces 48. The arrangement'issuch that by the secondary weaving operation the four squares 48 canbejoined integrally into the larger piece formed on the frame 31.

In the arrangement of Fig. 14, a frame similar to that shown in Fig. 6is provided with an auxiliary frame mounted adjustably in positionthereon. The bars'of the main frame of the Fig.

14 construction are indicated by the reference characters 25corresponding to the arrangement shown in said Fig. 6. The auxiliaryframe is made up of the same type of bars but they are differentlydesignated by reason of their different arrangement.

In the auxiliary frame, two bars 49 and 50 are employed at each side ofthe frame, the bars 49 being employed in normal position while the bars58 are employed in inverted position. The bars 49 and 50 are connectedtogether at each side of the auxiliary frame by two bolts 33, each ofsuch bolts 33 passing through the opening 30 of one of the bars andthrough the slot 28 of the other of said two bars. The four-bars 49constitute in effect a frame similar to that shown in Fig. 1,

the bars 50 being provided merely for supporting the auxiliary frame inadjusted position with respect to the main frame. The bars 50 areconnected with bars 25 of the main frame by means of bolts 33 which areadjustable along the slots' 1 28of the bars so as to enable theauxiliary square to be shifted through a wide angular adjustment withrespect to the main frame. By the use of this arrangement a very markedvariation can be readily produced in the form of a woven product, theteeth 32 of the "bars 49 being available for holding the loops of .theyarn in lieu of teeth on the main frame with the result that a widevariation of designs can be produced.

In the arrangement of Fig. 15 a plurality of bars 5|, 52, 53, 54 and 55are shown in parallel relation between two bars 56 and 51, all of saidbars being of the same form as the bars 25 above described. By the useof the considerable number of bars 5| to 55 in parallel relation to eachother, the plies of yarn can be very readily formed into a great varietyof different angular arrangements, being'held in the chosen angulararrangement by the cross plies threaded above and below in the usualmanner.

In Figs. 16, 1'7 and 18 I have shown a reinforcing member 58 in the formof a short plate having an opening 59 for the reception of a bolt 33 sothat two bars 60 and GI can be held firmly in alignment with respect toeach other. The bar 58 is of such width that its edge bears against theflange portions of the two bars 60.

and GI so as to prevent angular movement of one bar with respect to theother. The reinforcing bar 58 is also provided with tongues 62 punchedfrom the sheet so as to be in position to engage the slots '28 of thebars 60 and BI for reinforcing the bracing effect.

In Fig. 19 I have shown a brace in the form of I an angle plate 63provided with anopening 64 for the reception of a bolt 33 as illustratedat the lower left hand corner of Fig. 14. The angle plate 63 is providedalso with tongues 65 in position to engage the slots 28 of the bars withr The head portion 61 is provided with tongues stamped from the metal inposition to engage the slots 28 of the frame bars and the stem portion68 is provided with a slot II longitudinally thereof in position toreceive a bolt 33 for securing the stem 68 to the underlying bar asshown in said Fig. 15.

As will be readily understood the brace members 58, 63 and 68 serveeffectively for holding the frames to which they are attached rigidly innormal form, since the frame bars are held against angular movement withrespect to each other.

While my improved frames are provided primarily for use as weavingframes, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that they canbe employed to advantage for a knitting operation, and the invention isaccordingly not to be limited specifically to weaving. The inventionalso is not to be limited specifically to the form and arrangement ofparts as shown except so far as the claims may be so limited, sincechanges might well be made in the arrangement of the parts withoutdeparting from my invention.

I claim:

1. Hand weaving frame means, comprising in combination a plurality ofbars each in the form of an angle bent into shape from sheet metal toprovide a base portion and an upstanding flange portion, with a slot inthe base portion extending longitudinally thereof and with one endportion of the" base extending beyond the upstanding flange and providedwith an opening therethrough, long narrow teeth formed on the upper edgeof the flange portion of each of said bars in equally spaced relationtherealong, said extending end portion of each of said bars being offsetslightly. downwardly to provide a shoulder in position for bracingengagement with either the side or the end of the attached bar, andclamping means for insertion through said slots and said openings in theend portions of the bars for securing the bars together in operativeposition with respect to each other with the shoulders holding the barsfrom angular movement with respect to each other.

2. Hand weaving frame means, comprising in combination a plurality ofbars each in the form of an angle bent into shape from sheet metal toprovide a base portion and an upstanding flange portion, with a slot inthe base portion extending longitudinally thereof and with one endportion of the base extending beyond the Y upstanding flange andprovided with an opening therethrough/ long narrow teeth formed on theupper edge of the flange portion of each of said bars in equally spacedrelation therealong,-

said slots and said openings in the end portions of the bars forsecuring the bars together in adjusted position with respect to eachother with the shoulders holding the bars from angular movementwithrespect to each other.

3. Hand weaving frame means, comprising in combination a plurality ofbars each in the form of an angle bent into shape from sheet metal toprovide a base portion and an upstanding flange portion, with a slot inthe base portion extending longitudinally thereof, long narrow teethformed on the upper edge of the flange portion of each of said bars inequally spaced relation therealong, clamping means for insertion throughsaid slots and through openings in the ends of the base portions forsecuring the bars rigidly together in adjusted position with respect toeach other, and brace members secured to said bars by said clampingmeans comprising tongues carried by said brace members in position foroperative engagement with the slots in said bars for holding the bars innormal 1 operative position.

4. Hand weaving frame means, comprising in combination two bars each inthe form of an angle bent into shape from sheet metal to provide a baseportion and an upstanding flange portion, with a slot in the baseportion longitudinally thereof and with one end portion of the baseextending beyond the upstanding flange and provided with an openingtherethrough, long narrow teeth formedon the upper edge of said flangeportion in equally spaced relation therealong, clamping means comprisinga bolt.having a snug fit in the slot of one of said bars and in theopening in the end portion of the base of the other bar for securing thebars rigidly together in alignment with each other, and a clampingmember having an opening therethrough in position to receive said'boltfor holding the clamping member in position with its edge engaging theupstanding flanges of said bars I and having tongues engaging the slotsof both of said bars for bracing said bars in aligned position withrespect to each other.

5. Hand weaving frame means, comprising in combination two bars each inthe form of an angle bent into shape from sheet metal to pro- I vide abase portion and an upstanding flange portion, with-a slot in the baseportion longitudinally thereof and with one end portion of the baseextending beyond the upstanding flange and provided with an openingtherethrough, long narrow teeth formed on the upper edge of said flangeportion in equally spaced relation therealong, clamping means comprisinga bolt having a snug flt in the slot of one of said bars and in theopening in the end portion of the base of the other bar for securing thebars rigidly together at right angles to each other, and a brace membercomprising two arm portions at right angles with respect to each othersecured to said bars'by said bolt with tongues carried by said armsengaging the slots of said bars for holding the bars in normal operativeposition with respect .to each other.

6. Hand weaving frame means, comprising in combination two bars each inthe form of an angle bent into shape from sheet metal to provide a baseportion and an upstanding flange portion, with a slot in the baseportion longitudinally thereof and with one end portion of the baseextending beyond the upstanding flange and provided with an openingtherethrough, long narrow teeth formed on the upper edge of saidflangeportion in equally spaced relation therealong, clamping means comprisinga bolt having a snug one of said bars, and-a'second bolt carried by theI fit in the slots of said two bars for securing said bars rigidlytogether in a T relation toeach other, and a brace member in the form ofa T plate secured to said bars by said bolt with edge portions of the Tengaging the upstanding flanges of said bars for holding the bars innormal oper- 'ative position with respect to each other.

' 7. Hand weaving frame means, comprising in v combination two bars eachin the ,form of an angle bent into shape from sheet metal to provide abase portion and an upstanding flange portion, with aslot in the baseportion longitudinally thereof and with one end portion of the baseextending beyond the upstanding flange and provided with an openingtherethrough, long narrow teeth formed on the upper edge of said flangeportion in equally spaced relation therealong, clamping means comprisinga bolt having a snug flt in the slots of said two bars for securing saidbars rigidly together in a T relation to each other, a brace member inthe form of a.

T plate secured to said bars by said bolt, with edge portions of the Tengaging upstanding vflanges of said bars for holding the bars in normaloperative position with respect to each other,

' tongues on the head of the T engaging the slot of 2 upright oi the Tengaging the slot of said other bar. 1

8.-Hand weaving frame means, comprising in combination a plurality oibars each in the form of an angle bent into shape from sheet metal toprovide a base portion and an upstanding flange portion. with a slot inthe base portion of each at the bars extending longitudinally thereof,and with end portions oi the bases extending beyond the upstandingflanges and provided with openings therethrough located at one end ofsome of the bars and at the opposite end of the remaining .bars, saidend extensions being oflset slightly downwardly to provide a shoulder oneach of said bars in position for bracing engagement with the side ofthe attached bar at which said upstanding flange is located,long narrowteeth formed on the upper edge of the flange portion of eachof said barsin equally spaced relation therealong, and clamping means for insertionthrough said slots and through said openings in- .the end extensions ofthe base portions of the for securing the bars rigidly together in anydesired interrelationship to each other.

ALBERT P. D. BELANGER.

